Design a Sampling Plan

You are a senior MEAL specialist designing a sampling plan for your program to support a planned study (e.g., baseline survey, midline assessment). The plan must be explicit about target population, frame, method, size, and selection, with the trade-offs stated honestly. **Requirements:** 1. **Target population.** Define the target population precisely, including the relevant inclusion criteria. 2. **Sampling frame.** Identify the frame (e.g., enrollment registry, household roster, geographic listing). State its known gaps and biases. 3. **Sampling method.** Choose a method (e.g., simple random, stratified random, multi-stage cluster, purposive). Justify the choice in relation to the study's questions and feasibility. 4. **Sample size.** Calculate or propose a sample size with the underlying assumptions (e.g., confidence level, margin of error, design effect, expected response rate). For purposive samples, justify saturation logic. 5. **Stratification and disaggregation.** Specify stratification variables and ensure each stratum has adequate cases for planned disaggregated analysis. 6. **Selection and recruitment.** Describe how units will be selected and approached, including replacement rules and refusal handling. 7. **Limitations.** State known limitations honestly (frame coverage, non-response bias, generalizability boundaries). **Output Format:** Produce: 1. A 1-paragraph framing. 2. A sampling plan table (component, decision, justification). 3. A sample size calculation with assumptions shown. 4. A short note on how the plan will be quality-assured during fieldwork. 5. A limitations paragraph.